What does an 'SSL certificate' provide for a website?

An SSL certificate plays a critical role in securing a website by providing both authentication of the site's identity and establishing an encrypted connection between the user's browser and the web server. When a website has an SSL certificate, it indicates to users that the site is legitimate and that their data will be transmitted securely. This is especially important for protecting sensitive information, such as personal details and payment information, as it prevents unauthorized access and eavesdropping during transmission.

The authentication aspect ensures that users are communicating with the intended website, rather than a fraudulent or impersonated site. This builds trust and can significantly influence users’ willingness to interact with or conduct transactions on the site.

While there are several important aspects that a website may need to consider for optimal performance and popularity, the SSL certificate's main functions focus specifically on security and identity assurance for online communications.