What does two-factor authentication (2FA) require from users?

Two-factor authentication (2FA) is a security mechanism that enhances the protection of user accounts by requiring two different forms of identification before access is granted. This process typically involves something the user knows, such as a password, combined with something the user has, like a security token or a mobile device that can receive a one-time code.

The requirement for two distinct forms of identification is what strengthens security; even if one factor, such as a password, is compromised, an attacker would still need the second factor to gain access. This layered approach significantly reduces the risk of unauthorized access to sensitive information or systems, as it provides an additional hurdle that must be overcome.

Other options, such as relying purely on a single password, biometric identification alone, or just a security token, do not capture the essence of 2FA, which specifically emphasizes the necessity of combining two different types of verification methods. This combination is crucial in mitigating the risk of unauthorized access.