What type of permissions are applied directly to files or folders?

The correct answer pertains to explicit permissions, which are specifically set on individual files or folders to define who can access them and in what manner. When an administrator or user assigns explicit permissions, these settings take precedence over other types of permissions that might be applied to a file or folder.

Explicit permissions allow for granular control over access rights, enabling different users or groups to have specific levels of access such as read, write, or execute permissions. This is crucial in environments where sensitive data is stored, as it helps ensure that only authorized individuals can access or modify files.

In the context of file system permissions, explicit permissions are applied directly to the object in question, contrasting with inherited permissions, which are passed down from parent objects. Default and implicit permissions do not refer specifically to the direct assignment of rights to individual files or directories. Understanding explicit permissions helps in managing security policies effectively within a system.