Which statement best describes the function of a proxy server?

The statement that a proxy server acts as an intermediary between users and the internet accurately captures its primary function. A proxy server sits between a client and the web resources they wish to access, handling requests on behalf of the client. When a user requests a web page, for example, the request goes to the proxy server first. The proxy then forwards that request to the appropriate web server, receives the response, and sends it back to the user. This setup can provide various benefits, such as improved security, privacy, and performance.

By functioning as an intermediary, proxy servers can perform tasks such as filtering content, caching data for faster access to frequently requested resources, and masking users' IP addresses for anonymity. These functions are essential for organizations seeking to manage network traffic, enhance security measures, or apply policies regarding internet usage. Understanding how proxy servers operate in this intermediary capacity is critical for those studying cybersecurity, as it aids in grasping broader concepts related to network security and performance management.