Which type of software is specifically created to disrupt system functionality?

Malware is specifically designed to disrupt system functionality and compromise the performance of computers or networks. This category encompasses various types of harmful software, including viruses, worms, spyware, and ransomware, each with unique methods and goals, such as stealing data, damaging files, or controlling devices remotely.

Unlike utility software, which is intended to help manage and maintain computer systems, or operating and system software that enable a computer to operate normally, malware's primary purpose is malicious. It actively seeks to exploit vulnerabilities and damage or manipulate information systems, thus posing significant security risks. Understanding the distinct characteristics of malware is crucial for cybersecurity professionals, allowing them to develop strategies to prevent and respond to these threats effectively.